Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Subcritical Water Extract from Grape Pomace Protects Human Bronchial Epithelium Cells by Mitigating Oxidative Stress Through Nrf2 Pathway

doi: 10.3390/molecules31101736

Figure Lengend Snippet: SWE 160.1 treatment increased the antioxidant response. ( a ) Western blotting analysis of antioxidant factors (HO-1, SOD-2 and Nrf2) after 48 h of treatment with 75 and 100 µg GAE/mL SWE 160.1 in HBE cells. Protein levels were normalized to γ-tubulin. ( b ) qRT-PCR analysis of Nrf2, Keap1 and HO-1 mRNA levels after 24 h of treatment with 75 and 100 µg GAE/mL SWE 160.1 in HBE cells. Gene expression levels represent the relative mRNA expression compared to the untreated cells, normalized to GAPDH mRNA. ( c ) Western blotting of subcellular fractions of control and 48 h SWE 160.1 -treated cells incubated with pNrf2 (Ser40) antibody. Lamin A and GADPH antibodies marked as nuclei (N) and cytoplasmic (C) fractions, respectively. The images are representative of three different experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. untreated control cells.

Article Snippet: The primers used were GAPDH (Proligo USA, Milan, Italy), Nrf2 ( HP209154 , OriGene Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA) and HO-1 ( HP205872 , OriGene Technologies, Inc., USA).

Techniques: Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR, Gene Expression, Expressing, Control, Incubation